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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"> <!-- Document Start --> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS15> 조선산업 대기업의 노사관계와 사내하청 </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <A NAME="#2037360931"></A> <TABLE border="1" width="194px" height="49px"cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style='border-collapse:collapse;border:none;'> <TR> <TD height="18px" width="194px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.10mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:none;border-right-width:0.10mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:none;border-top-width:0.10mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:none;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 강 석 재</TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="22px" width="194px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.10mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:none;border-right-width:0.10mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:none;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.10mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:none;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 안양과학대 교수, 조선업종노동운동연구팀</TD> </TR> </TABLE> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS31> I. 머리말 </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 이 글은 조선산업 대기업의 노사관계라는 지형에서 ‘사내하청 노동자’의 존재와 상태에 대해 살펴보고자 한다. 사내하청을 포함한 비정규노동의 문제는 개별 자본과 노동조합 그리고 국가라는 노사관계 행위자 모두에게 핵심사안으로 대두되고 있다. 특히, 사내하청은 국내 대기업을 중심으로 1990년대부터 추진해온 신경영전략의 한 축으로써 노동력의 유연한 활용을 위한 ‘수량적 유연화’ 전략의 일환으로, 기업내 노동자를 중심과 주변으로 분할하는 사용자의 주요 장치로써 이용되어 왔다. 다른 한편, 노동조합의 입장에서는 ‘산별노조’의 건설과 발맞추어 비정규 노동자의 조직화 문제가 핵심의제로 제기되고 있다. 기존 노동운동이 대기업 중심, 정규직 중심이라는 명확한 한계가 있었다는 점에서 비정규직 노동자의 문제는 노동운동의 질적 성장을 위한 선결과제인 것이다. 마지막으로 신자유주의 기조의 정부의 노동정책과 관련하여, 다양한 비정규노동력의 활용를 통한 노동시장의 유연화라는 측면에서 대기업에 존재하는 사내하청의 문제는 중요하게 부각된다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 아래에서는 노사관계에의 함의를 중심으로 조선산업의 현황을 살펴보고, 사내하청 노동자의 고용관계와 노동과정을 분석하고자 한다. 연구방법은 면접조사에 크게 의존하였으며, 하청노동자들의 생생한 경험을 전달하기 위해 면접조사 내용을 충실히 인용하였다.<A HREF="#FOOTNOTE1"><SUP>1)</SUP></A> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS31> II. 조선산업 현황 </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 국내 조선산업은 1973년 현대중공업, 1979년과 1981년 삼성중공업과 대우중공업이 각각 대규모 조선소를 건설하면서 급격히 성장해왔다. 두 차례의 오일쇼크와 세계조선산업의 불황으로 침체기를 겪기도 하였지만, 세계 단일시장을 형성하고 있는 조선시장에서 일본과 대등한 경쟁관계를 형성하고 있다. 조선산업이 국내산업에서 차지하는 비중을 살펴보면, 조선산업은 1997년 현재 전체 제조업에서 사업체수는 0.7%, 종사자수 2.8%, 출하액 3.2%, 부가가치액 3.3%에 이른다.<A HREF="#FOOTNOTE2"><SUP>2)</SUP></A> 수출비중 측면에서 살펴보면, 1994년 이후 4년간 연평균 6,029백만 달러에 이르러 단일품목 기준으로 반도체와 자동차에 이어 3번째 큰 비중을 차지하고 있고, 1998년 현재 전체수출액 중 6.1%를 차지하였다.<A HREF="#FOOTNOTE3"><SUP>3)</SUP></A> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 조선산업의 1998년 현재 인력현황을 기업별로 살펴보면 아래 <표 1>과 같다. 1998년 현재 7만 5천여명이 조선업체에 종사하고 있으며, 이중 조선부문 인력은 64% 수준이다. 또한 전체 조선인력 중 하도급이 차지하는 비중은 25.5%에 달한다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 한편 일본조선공업협회의 전망을 기초로 하면, 1997년부터 2010년까지 신조선 건조수요는 대체수요를 중심으로 2,250만 GT에 달할 것으로 보인다. 기간별로는 2000년대 초반까지 증가세를 보이다가 2005년 수요가 정점에 달한 이후 다시 둔화될 것으로 예상된다. 또한 한․일․유럽 조선공업협회의 ‘중장기 신조선 건조수요 전망(1999)’에 의하면 향후 5년간의 건조수요는 지난 4년보다 연평균 33% 증가, 2005년 이후에는 31% 증가할 것으로 예상하고 있다. 전반적으로 2000년대 중반까지 수요상승, 중반기에 절정, 그리고 이후 점차적 감소세가 예상된다.<A HREF="#FOOTNOTE4"><SUP>4)</SUP></A> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS24> <표 1> 조선산업 기업별 인력현황: 1998년 현재 </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <A NAME="#2037360932"></A> <TABLE border="1" width="420px" height="189px"cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style='border-collapse:collapse;border:none;'> <TR> <TD rowspan="2" height="31px" width="37px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 구분<P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 회사</TD> <TD colspan="2" height="16px" width="70px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P CLASS=HS30> 기술직</TD> <TD colspan="2" height="16px" width="70px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P CLASS=HS30> 기능직</TD> <TD colspan="2" height="16px" width="70px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P CLASS=HS30> 사무직</TD> <TD colspan="2" height="16px" width="70px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P CLASS=HS30> 하도급</TD> <TD colspan="2" height="16px" width="70px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P CLASS=HS30> 계</TD> <TD rowspan="2" height="31px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P CLASS=HS30> 합계</TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="15px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P CLASS=HS30> 조선</TD> <TD height="15px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P CLASS=HS30> 비조선</TD> <TD height="15px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P CLASS=HS30> 조선</TD> <TD height="15px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P CLASS=HS30> 비조선</TD> <TD height="15px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P CLASS=HS30> 조선</TD> <TD height="15px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P CLASS=HS30> 비조선</TD> <TD height="15px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P CLASS=HS30> 조선</TD> <TD height="15px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P CLASS=HS30> 비조선</TD> <TD height="15px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P CLASS=HS30> 조선</TD> <TD height="15px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P CLASS=HS30> 비조선</TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="14px" width="37px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P CLASS=HS30> 현대</TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2,479 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 3,882 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 9,915 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 7,973 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 745 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1,551 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2,513 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2,309 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 15,652 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 15,715 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 31,367 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="14px" width="37px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P CLASS=HS30> 대우</TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 899 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 374 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 5,608 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2,260 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 557 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1,226 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2,254 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2,137 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 9,318 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 5,997 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 15,315 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="14px" width="37px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P CLASS=HS30> 삼성</TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 819 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 548 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 3,703 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 419 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 540 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 210 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2,626 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1,201 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 7,688 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2,378 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 10,066 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="14px" width="37px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P CLASS=HS30> 한라</TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 544 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 710 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2,131 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 706 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 173 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 355 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2,195 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 6 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 5,043 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1,777 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 6,820 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="14px" width="37px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P CLASS=HS30> 한진</TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 557 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 316 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1,467 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 358 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 133 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 44 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1,520 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 303 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 3,677 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1,021 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 4,698 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="14px" width="37px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P CLASS=HS30> 미포</TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 297 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1,917 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 57 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 455 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 3 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 130 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2,772 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 60 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2,832 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="14px" width="37px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P CLASS=HS30> 대동</TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 390 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 780 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 86 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1,414 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2,670 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2,670 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="14px" width="37px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P CLASS=HS30> 대선</TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 78 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 3 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 274 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 34 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 100 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 486 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 4 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 490 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="14px" width="37px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P CLASS=HS30> 타코마</TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 100 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 4 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 379 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 56 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 19 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 120 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 180 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 655 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 205 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 860 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="14px" width="37px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P CLASS=HS30> 신아</TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 59 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 18 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 139 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 26 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 5 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 340 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 564 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 23 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 587 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="14px" width="37px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P CLASS=HS30> 합계</TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 6,222 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 5,855 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 26,313 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 11,775 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2,805 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 3,414 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 13,212 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 6,136 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 48,525 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 27,180 </TD> <TD height="14px" width="35px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 75,705 </TD> </TR> </TABLE> </P> <P CLASS=HS28> 자료: 한국조선공업협회(1999), ꡔ조선자료집ꡕ, 한국조선공업협회. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 그러나 대체선박 건조수요의 조기 고갈, 공급과잉과 수주경쟁, 중국/일본과의 경쟁양상 변화, 불리한 환율변동 등 국내 조선산업에 대한 비관적 전망을 가능케 하는 요인도 적지 않다. 조선산업에 대한 지금까지의 논의를 노사관계간의 상호관계의 측면에서 다시 살펴보면 아래와 같다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 첫째, 신조선에 대한 수요분석을 기초로 할 때, 몇 가지 불투명성에도 불구하고 조선산업의 안정적인 수요를 예상할 수 있다. 따라서 중단기적으로 볼 때, ‘산업 자체’의 불황 및 위기에 따른 조선산업의 심각한 구조조정이나 고용문제는 없을 것으로 판단된다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 둘째, 그러나 조선산업의 호불황은 세계경제와 해운산업의 변화에 민감하고, 구조적, 우연적 요인들에 의해 호불황이 반복적이라는 특성을 지니고 있다. 또한 국내 조선산업의 경우 환율변동에 따라 가격경쟁력이 매우 크게 변화한다는 점도 지적할 수 있다. 따라서 조선산업의 경우 경영층이 ‘호황국면’이라는 상황인식에 동의해주었던 적은 거의 없었다. 이같은 점은 경영환경과 관련된 노사관계 지형이 노사간의 전략 수립과 실행, 그리고 경제․경영 담론을 둘러싼 이데올로기적 경쟁에 따라 매우 유동적이라는 사실을 말해준다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 셋째, 그리고 무엇보다 중요한 점은 최근 국내 산업의 구조조정은 신자유주의적 이데올로기 공세 속에서, 신자유주의적 구조조정이 추진되고 있다는 점이다. 이미 조선산업 대기업에서는 1990대 초부터 노동력의 신규채용을 극도로 억제하면서, 증가하는 건조물량을 노동강화에 기초한 생산성 향상과 하청을 통한 신축적 노동력이용을 통해 해결해왔다는 점에서 조선산업 구조조정은 개별 기업별로 이미 상당 기간 진행되었다고 볼 수 있다. 그렇지만, 최근 삼호조선소, 대우조선, 대동조선 등의 구조조정에서 출발하여, 향후 개별자본의 공격적인 경영전략이 신자유주의의 맥락에서 추진되면서 조선산업의 불안요인을 매개로 고용문제와 직접적으로 관련된 구조조정을 추진하거나, 고용안정성을 위협하면서 작업장 내에 보다 견고한 노동통제체제를 구축할 가능성이 높다. 이는 향후 조선산업 구조조정 과정에서 하청노동자들이 1차적 희생자라는 것을 말해 주지만, 고용안정성 및 노동조건이라는 측면에서 직영노동자 역시 예외가 될 수 없을 것이다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 넷째, 최근 조선산업의 경쟁력은 선종의 다양화, 고도기술의 요구 및 납기준수 등 비가격경쟁력의 중요성이 높아지고 있지만, 가격경쟁력은 여전히 중요한 경쟁수단으로 작용할 것으로 보인다. 과거 1990년대에 활발하게 추진되었던 신경영전략이 새로운 사고, 제품, 시장 또는 생산방법을 추구하는 ‘혁신(innovation)’보다는 주어진 목표를 최소의 비용으로 최대한 달성하기 위한 ‘효율(efficiency)’에 초점이 두었었다는 점을 다시 한번 상기할 필요가 있는 것이다. 이같은 점에서도 노동력의 안정적 동원을 위한 작업장 지배체제의 구축, 효율에 초점을 둔 지속적인 합리화 공세가 예상된다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS31> III. 조선산업 대기업의 사내하청 </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 조선산업 대기업에서 기존 작업장 지배체제에 대한 노조의 대응, 그리고 노동조합운동의 성장과 관련하여 비정규노동, 즉 ‘사내하청’의 문제는 간과되어 왔다고 하여도 과언은 아니다. 기존의 작업장 노사관계 관련 연구들에서도 사내하청 등 비정규직노동의 문제는 사용자의 유연화 전략으로 개념화하여 논의하기는 하였지만, ‘사내하청(노동)’ 자체에 대한 구체적 연구는 찾아보기 힘들다. 즉 사내하청노동은 노사관계․노동운동 분야의 연구에서도 주변화되어왔던 셈이다. 아래에서는 조선산업 사내하청의 개념, 그리고 사내하청 노동자들의 고용관계, 노동과정, 임금체계 및 복지후생, 산업안전, 그리고 이익대변체계에 대해 살펴보고자 한다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 조선산업의 사내하청은 법률적(민법상)으로 ‘도급’으로 분류된다. 그러나 사내하청의 개념적 규정은 매우 모호하다. 먼저 민법상 도급은 “당사자 일방(하청사업주)이 어떤 일을 완성할 것을 약정하고 상대방(원청사업자)이 그 일의 결과에 대하여 보수를 지급할 것을 약정(민법 제664조)”하는 계약이며, 사실상 현재 존재하는 사내하청노동과는 거리가 있다. 사내하청노동은 “고용계약체결의 형식과 임금지급 등 주된 고용관계는 하청사업주와 노동자 사이에 체결되고 양자사이의 전체적인 사용-종속관계를 유지하지만, 원청기업 내에서 작업을 행하게 되므로 필연적으로 원청사업주의 지휘․감독을 받게 되는 노무공급형태”<A HREF="#FOOTNOTE5"><SUP>5)</SUP></A>로 존재하기 때문이다. 도급을 다시 근로자파견과 비교하여 그림으로 나타내면 아래와 같다. <그림 1>은 원칙적인 관계망을 표현한 것으로 도급에서는 근로자 파견과 달리 하청노동자와 주문업체가 지휘명령관계를 형성해서는 안되지만, 현실적으로 그 같은 원칙은 지켜지지 않고 있는 것이다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 결국, 원청기업은 사내하청과 ‘시장을 통한 계약’(distancing)을 통해 직접적 고용관계의 부담을 경감하는 동시에, 작업장내의 원청 관리체계에 하청노동을 종속시키는 것으로 보아야 한다. 사내하청은 이른바 ‘시장’과 ‘위계(고용)’의 경계에 있다고 볼 수 있다. </P> <P CLASS=HS30> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> •근로자 파견 •도급 </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:20px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <A NAME="#2037360933"></A><IMG src="C:\DOCUME~1\leeus001\LOCALS~1\Temp\UNI874d.gif" width=191px height=85px ><A NAME="#2037360934"></A><IMG src="C:\DOCUME~1\leeus001\LOCALS~1\Temp\UNI874e.gif" width=190px height=86px > </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS24> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS24> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS24> <그림 1> 근로자파견과 도급 </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 한편 조선산업 사내하청인력의 연도별 추이를 보면 아래 <표 2>와 같다. 아래 표에서 볼 수 있는 바와 같이 전체 조선 인력 중 하도급 비중은 90년대 초반 13~4%에서 90년대 후반 25% 수준으로 증가하였다. 또한 하도급이 대부분 현장 생산직인 것을 고려하여 전체 현장 생산직 노동자(기능직+하도급) 중 하도급인력의 비율을 살펴보면, 90년대초 18% 내외에서 90년대 중반이후 33% 수준에 달한다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS24> <표 2> 연도별 조선인력 변동 (단위:명) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <A NAME="#2037360935"></A> <TABLE border="1" width="421px" height="171px"cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style='border-collapse:collapse;border:none;'> <TR> <TD height="11px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 연도 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 기술직 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 기능직 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 사무직 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 하도급 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="81px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 계</TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="11px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1984</TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 9,775 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 60,453 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 5,415 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="11px" width="81px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 75,643 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="11px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1985 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 10,531 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 56,629 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 5,320 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="11px" width="81px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 72,480 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="11px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1986 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 8,995 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 47,986 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 4,805 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="11px" width="81px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 61,786 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="11px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1987 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 9,550 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 43,780 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 3,818 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="11px" width="81px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 57,148 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="11px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1988 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 7,851 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 37,892 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 3,461 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="11px" width="81px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 49,204 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="11px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1989 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 8,086 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 39,645 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 3,172 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="11px" width="81px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 50,903 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="11px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1990 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 7,967 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 34,701 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 4,062 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 7,360 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="81px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 54,090 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="11px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1991 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 6,756 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 33,518 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 5,301 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 7,582 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="81px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 53,157 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="11px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1992 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 7,095 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 32,450 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 5,499 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 7,778 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="81px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 52,822 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="11px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1993 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 7,336 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 31,637 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 7,198 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 10,549 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="81px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 56,720 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="11px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1994 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 9,040 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 36,979 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 9,211 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 15,371 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="81px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 70,601 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="11px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1995 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 11,775 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 39,236 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 7,333 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 18,986 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="81px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 77,330 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="11px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1996 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 12,679 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 40,478 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 7,419 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 20,777 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="81px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 81,353 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="11px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1997 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 11,726 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 40,370 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 6,481 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 19,222 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="81px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 77,799 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="11px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:17px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1998 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 12,077 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 38,088 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 6,219 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="71px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 19,321 </TD> <TD height="11px" width="81px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:right;line-height:16px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:7px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 75,705 </TD> </TR> </TABLE> </P> <P CLASS=HS28> 자료: 조선공업협회(1999), ꡔ조선자료집ꡕ, 조선공업협회(1989년도 이전 하도급 인원은 기능직에 포함). </P> <P CLASS=HS32> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS32> 1. 사내하청의 고용관계 </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 조선산업 대기업 사내하청 노동자들의 고용형태는 크게 상용고와 일용고로 구분된다. 상용고는 입사 이후 지속적인 고용관계를 맺지만, 일용고의 경우 일단위로 일급(당)을 받으면서 현장에 투입된다. 그리고 상용고의 경우, 임금형태를 중심으로 다시 월급직, 시급직으로 나누어진다. 여기서 월급직은 하청업체 관리층의 경우로 한정된다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 시급제 상용고와 일급(당)제 일용고는 업체와 노동자 측면에서 각각 상대적인 장단점이 존재한다. 업체의 입장에서 본다면, 일용개념인 일당제의 경우 인력조정이 자유롭다는 점과 일당으로 상대적 고기량자(숙련자)를 고용하는 것이 단기간에 일정 물량처리를 하는 데 효율적이라고 판단하는 것으로 보인다. 반면, 하청노동자의 입장에서, 시급제는 상대적으로 고용이 안정적이고(시급제의 경우 고용주가 바뀌어도 고용이 승계되기도 한다), 상여금, 수당, 월․주․연차, 퇴직금을 받을 수 있다. 반면 일당제는 단기로 고용되고 상여금, 퇴직금, 각종 수당 등도 없지만, 상대적 고임금 때문에 선호하기도 한다. 상대적 고임금의 전제조건은 통상 2년 이상 경력의 고숙련자이어야 한다는 점, 그리고 고임금인 것만큼 노동강도가 세다는 점이다. 이같은 특성 때문에 작업현장에서 일용․일당 노동을 “때려먹기”라고 이야기한다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 고용형태와는 관계없이 하청노동자들의 경우, 취업경로는 ‘인맥’을 통한 연고채용, 회사 발행 홍보지, 지역 신문 또는 정보지 등이 대부분이다. 특별히 노동시장에 처음 진입하는 신규입사자의 경우에는 용접기술학원, 또는 사내직업훈련원의 추천을 통해 모집하기도 한다. 연고채용의 경우에는 작업반장, 동료 작업자 등 과거 동일업체 근무자의 소개 등으로 이루어진다. 그리고 작업집단에서 형성된 그같은 인간관계망은 고용불안정 속에서도 지속적으로 일자리를 구할 수 있는 중요한 수단이다.<A HREF="#FOOTNOTE6"><SUP>6)</SUP></A> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “같이 일하던 사람끼리 다 연줄로 알게 되고 그러니까, 어디 업체에서 몇 명을 필요로 한다라고 하면 그 (아는) 사람이 연락을 하기도 하고, 찾아가서 면담을 하기도 하고, 거의 다 그런 식으로 (채용이) 이루어진다 … 지방지 신문에 공고해서 모집을 하기도 하는데, 그 속에 모집되는 사람은 좀 초보자들, 기능이 낮은 사람들은 그런 식으로 모집한다.”(D조선 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 하청업체는 노동자를 선발하면서 이력서를 기초로 과거 동일직무 근무경력을 고려하여 숙련등급(이를테면, A급, B급, C급 등)을 정한다. 그리고 숙련등급에 따라 임금수준도 결정된다. 숙련등급의 결정은 약간의 개별화된 교섭의 여지가 있기는 하지만, 노동시장 내 인력이동 과정 속에서 시장 내 기준이 형성된다. 다른 한편, 동일 원청회사 내 하청업체의 협의체(이를테면, 협력업체협의회 또는 사장단협의회)에서 임금의 하한선과 상한선을 공동으로 결정하여, 모든 업체들이 이를 수용하도록 하는 경우도 있다.<A HREF="#FOOTNOTE7"><SUP>7)</SUP></A> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 물론 하청업체 사장이나 소장, 또는 작업반장 등 관리자들은 채용 이후 하청노동자의 숙련도를 재평가하여 숙련등급(곧, 시급 및 일급)을 조정한다. 그러나 잔업․특근에의 참여도, 결근율 등 근태, 작업장에서의 ‘태도’ 변수 등이 숙련등급 조정에 많은 영향을 미치는 것으로 파악된다. 즉, 시급 및 일급 산정을 위한 숙련등급의 조정은 노동규율을 확립하기 위한 통제의 효과도 수반하는 것이다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 사내 직업훈련소 수료 후 직영으로 취업이 불가능해서 하청으로 취업하는 경우는 있지만, 숙련형성 및 개발을 위한 하청노동자 대상의 교육훈련 기회는 거의 전무한 실정이다. 하청업체의 조건상 독립적인 교육훈련체계를 하청업체 자체로 형성하는 것은 불가능해 보인다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “근속도 짧고 그 사람한테 가르쳐봐야 가르치는 도중에 나갈 수도 있고, 또 자격증만 따가지고 나가는 경우도 있기 때문에 하청노동자는 (교육기회가) 전무하다고 봐야죠.”(H1중공업, H2중공업 전하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 한편 조선산업에서는 하청업체로부터 재하청을 받는 재도급업체 및 노동자들도 상당수 활용된다. 하청업체가 공기준수 등을 위해 일부 물량을 도급계약을 통해 재하청업체에게 맡기는 경우이다. 재하청업체 노동자들의 경우, 시급 또는 일급이 상대적으로 높은 반면, 노동강도는 매우 높다는 것이 일반적 평가이다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 하청노동의 고용불안정성은 익히 알려진 바와 같다. 전체적인 통계자료는 구할 수 없지만, H3중공업의 경우, 원청노동자의 근속년수는 15.49년인 반면, 하청노동자의 근속년수는 3.39년에 불과하다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS24> <표 3> H3중공업 원청 및 하청 근무연한 비교<A HREF="#FOOTNOTE8"><SUP>8)</SUP></A> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <A NAME="#2037360936"></A> <TABLE border="1" width="419px" height="58px"cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style='border-collapse:collapse;border:none;'> <TR> <TD rowspan="2" height="29px" width="141px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P CLASS=HS30> </TD> <TD colspan="2" height="14px" width="278px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P CLASS=HS30> 근속년수</TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="14px" width="149px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P CLASS=HS30> 평균</TD> <TD height="14px" width="130px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P CLASS=HS30> 표준편차</TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="14px" width="141px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P CLASS=HS30> 하청</TD> <TD height="14px" width="149px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 3.39</TD> <TD height="14px" width="130px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 4.09</TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="14px" width="141px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P CLASS=HS30> 원청</TD> <TD height="14px" width="149px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 15.49</TD> <TD height="14px" width="130px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 7.85</TD> </TR> </TABLE> </P> <P CLASS=HS28> 자료: 서울대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실(2000), ꡔ조선업종 근로자 건강관리체계 연구: 협력업체 도장부서 근로자 중심으로ꡕ, 2000년도 산업역학조사센터 연구용역 최종보고서. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 시급제와 일당제의 운영방식에 따라 고용형태별 근속년수의 차이를 발견할 수 있지만(일반적으로 시급제가 상대적 장기, 일당제가 상대적 단기), 하청노동자들이 생각하는 자신 또는 동료들의 근속년수는 위의 통계치보다 훨씬 단기이다. 하청노동자들은 자신들의 평균 근속년수를 1년정도로 생각하고 있다. “관리자를 빼면 근속년수가 1년이 넘는 사람이 7분의 1, 8분의 1정도”(S중공업 하청노동자)로 근속년수는 매우 짧다는 것이다. 이는 원청-하청 기업간의 불안정한 계약관계, 하청노동자의 자발적 이직 때문이기도 하지만, 퇴직금 등을 고려 1년 이하의 기간으로 고용하는 하청업체가 많기 때문이기도 하다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 근속년수는 나이와 상관관계를 갖기도 하는데, “20~30세는 자기가 숙련되었다고 생각하면 3~6개월 단위로 자꾸 이동하고, 그렇지 않고 가정이 있는 30대는 1년 단위로, 40대가 넘어가면은 2~3년 단위로 이렇게 해서 … 옮기는 건 현실화되어 있는데, 이렇게 나이마다 차이”(H2중공업 하청노동자)가 나기도 한다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 주지하는 바와 같이, 하청노동자의 고용불안정은 하청업체의 특성상 구조화되어 있다. 원청업체의 경우 불안정한 작업물량을 처리하기 위해 하청노동을 이용하는 것이기 때문에, 하청노동의 고용이 불안정해지는 것은 필연적인 귀결이다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “우리가 20년 가까이 이런데서 일하지만 퇴직금을 타 본 게 기억이 안날 정도니까. 이거는 우리가 떠나고 싶어서 떠나는 경우도 있지만, 물량이 늘어났다가 줄어들었다가 계속 이런 것으로 반복하다보니까 …”(D조선 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “예를 들어 우리가 50명이 일하다가 결국은 어느 시점에 가서 공사가 다 되어가면 40명이 필요해지고, 30명이 필요해지고, 나머지 사람들은 물량이 없음으로 해서 어디론가 나가주어야 하거든요. 사실은요. 그러다 보면 다른 일자리를 찾아서 자기 스스로 가야지, 안가면 하루아침에 실업자가 되니, 스스로 알아서 떠나야죠.”(D조선 하청노동자) </P> <P CLASS=HS21> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 하청노동자의 높은 이직률은 하청노동자들이 임금인상, 작업장내 고충의 회피를 위한 방편으로 타사로 이직을 하기 때문이기도 하다. 하청업체의 경우 지속적인 고용을 보장받을 수 없는 상태에서 이같은 개인적 선택은 매우 합리적 선택일 수도 있을 것이다. 하청업체가 일방적인 임의해고를 자유롭게 행하고 있는 것은 아니지만, 시급조정에서의 불이익, 작업조직 내 인간관계에서의 고립시키는 방법 등으로 퇴사를 유도하는 경우가 많은 것으로 보인다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “업체가 이직률이 높은 게 조금 다니다가 마음에 안 들면 다른 업체에서 백원을 더 준다던가, 그러면 그냥 말없이 가는 경우가 많습니다. 그런 부분인 것 같아요. 특별나게 해고라는 것이 워낙 조심스러우니까, 우리도 그러진 않거든요.”(D조선 하청업체 총무) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “(해고를) 공식적으로 통보는 안하고 지쳐서 나가떨어지게, 요즘 학생들 유행하잖아요, 왕따. 그게 회사에서는 몇 년 전부터 있었는데, 조에서 따돌림당하고, 관리자한테 따돌림당하고 … (현장관리자가 따돌리라고 말하면) 협조해야지요. 그렇지 않으면 자기도 따돌림당하니까. 그런 식으로 해서 퇴사하는 경우가 많죠.”(D조선 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 물론, 최근 하청노동에 부당착취와 취업방해가 문제가 되었던 D조선 하청업체 S기업의 경우, 소속 노동자를 일당제 고용형태로 전환하는 과정에서 “회사가 원할 때 언제든지 퇴사, 3일 이상 무단결근시 해고” 등 매우 부당한 노동계약을 제시하였던 것에서 확인할 수 있듯이, 근로계약 자체가 사용자에게 일방적으로 유리하게 맺어지는 경우가 많다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 조선산업관련 하청노동자의 경우는 울산(H1중공업), 거제도(D조선 및 S중공업), 목포(H2중공업) 등 원청기업이 위치한 지역을 중심으로 지역노동시장이 형성되어 있다고 판단된다. 하청노동자의 경우 빈번한 이직에도 불구하고, 취업을 위해 타지역으로 이동하는 경우도 드물고, 타산업 타직종으로의 이직도 많지 않다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “직종을 바꾸어서 다른 일을 해보려는 사람은 10%도 안되고, 혹 가다 한 사람씩 나이도 들고 어쩔 수 없어서 다른 일자리를 찾는 사람, 집에서 먹고 살려고 옮기는 사람 외에는 거의 똑같이 일을 하는데 현장을 옮긴다는 것뿐이지요 … 자동차가 필요로 하고 내가 갈 의사가 있다면 가능하겠지만, 그것은 이루어지지 않는 일 아닙니까. 그런 직종변경은 거의 없다고 봐야죠.”(D조선 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 하청노동자의 고용관계는 사내하청업체와의 사이에 형성되지만, 원청인 대기업 관리자의 통제를 강하게 받기도 한다. 아래는 D조선 하청업체 S기업 노동자들이 이직과정에서 원청기업의 방해에 부딪쳤다고 주장하는 노동자의 면담내용이다. </P> <P CLASS=HS21> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “(노동자의) 권리에 대해서 한마디라도 하는 사람은 찍힌다. 업체에서 블랙리스트를 올리고, 그러면 (원청의) 외주관리부에서 타업체로의 이직을 봉쇄한다 … 심지어 직영의 한 직장은 ‘내 허락 없이 업체이동 못한다. 내가 얼굴 다 아니까 이력서 보고 제외시킨다. 근태관계 조사해서 불이익을 주겠다’는 등 협박을 하기도 했다.”(D조선 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS32> 2. 사내하청노동자의 노동과정 </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 사내하청이 이용되는 직종 및 직무는 이른바 3D직종인 경우가 많다는 것이 하청노동자들의 일반적 인식이다. 실제로 도장부서와 같이 보다 힘든 직종의 경우, 사업장 전체 생산직 노동자 중 하청노동자의 비율은 훨씬 높다. 1997년 현재 도장부서의 하청노동자비율은 H1중공업, D조선 모두 41%에 달한다. 동일년도 조선산업 대기업의 조선부문에서 하청노동자들이 차지하는 비중이 H1중공업, D조선 각각 19%, 18%였다는 것을 감안하면 매우 큰 차이이다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 직종간의 차이뿐만이 아니라, 현장에서의 작업할당에서도 직영과 하청은 차별적이라고 현장 하청노동자들은 말한다. 예를 들어 “똑같은 배, 동일한 작업, 동일한 도장을 해도 좁고 어둡고 위험한 데는 하청”(H3조선 하청노동자)에게 맡긴다는 것이다. 작업현장에서 이같은 경향이 발생하는 이유는 난이도가 높은 작업일수록 원청기업에서 맨아워 예산을 보다 많이 책정해주거나, 맨아워(MH)당 임률이 높기 때문이기도 한다. 그러나 많은 하청노동자들은 직영노동자와 차별되는 직무의 할당에 불만을 토로한다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “딱 보면 이런 것이 있어요. 더운 여름날 보면 여름에 더운데 들어가기가 더 힘들잖아요. 똑같은 일이라도 좀 덜 더위 타는 이런 데는 직영사람들이 한다든지, 조건이 안 좋고 가스 많이 차고 흄 많이 생기는 밀폐된 공간, 이런 데는 외주사람들이 많이 하죠.”(D조선 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 작업장내 지휘감독 관계를 살펴보면 하청노동자들은 하청업체 관리자 외에 원청기업의 관리자들의 지휘감독을 받는 경우도 많은 것으로 보인다. </P> <P CLASS=HS24> <표 4> 작업장내 지휘․감독 관계 </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <A NAME="#2037360937"></A> <TABLE border="1" width="418px" height="186px"cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style='border-collapse:collapse;border:none;'> <TR> <TD rowspan="2" height="57px" width="94px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 설 문</TD> <TD rowspan="2" height="57px" width="52px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 응답자</TD> <TD colspan="5" height="14px" width="272px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 설문 문항 </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="42px" width="50px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 원청<P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> (a)</TD> <TD height="42px" width="50px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 하청<P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> (b)</TD> <TD height="42px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 원청<P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 일부 하청<P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> (c)</TD> <TD height="42px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 하청<P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 일부 원청<P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> (d)</TD> <TD height="42px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.50mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:double;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 총계</TD> </TR> <TR> <TD rowspan="3" height="43px" width="94px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 휴식 및 작업시간관리</TD> <TD height="14px" width="52px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> A</TD> <TD height="14px" width="50px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="50px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 3</TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.50mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:double;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 3</TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="14px" width="52px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> B</TD> <TD height="14px" width="50px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="50px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 17</TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1</TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 7</TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 25</TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="14px" width="52px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> C</TD> <TD height="14px" width="50px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="50px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2</TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1</TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2</TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 5</TD> </TR> <TR> <TD rowspan="3" height="43px" width="94px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 배치 결정</TD> <TD height="14px" width="52px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> A</TD> <TD height="14px" width="50px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="50px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2</TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2</TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="14px" width="52px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> B</TD> <TD height="14px" width="50px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1</TD> <TD height="14px" width="50px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 19</TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 5</TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 25</TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="14px" width="52px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> C</TD> <TD height="14px" width="50px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1</TD> <TD height="14px" width="50px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2</TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2</TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1</TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 6</TD> </TR> <TR> <TD rowspan="3" height="43px" width="94px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 재료 및 자재<P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 제공자</TD> <TD height="14px" width="52px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> A</TD> <TD height="14px" width="50px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1</TD> <TD height="14px" width="50px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2</TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1</TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="14px" width="52px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> B</TD> <TD height="14px" width="50px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 12</TD> <TD height="14px" width="50px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 2</TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 8</TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1</TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 23</TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="14px" width="52px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:14px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> C</TD> <TD height="14px" width="50px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 3</TD> <TD height="14px" width="50px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1</TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </TD> <TD height="14px" width="57px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:10px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:13px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 4</TD> </TR> </TABLE> </P> <P CLASS=HS28> 자료: 서울대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실(2000), 윗 글(설문대상은 조선공업협회 소속 10대 조선소였으며, A는 원청산업담당자(3개 업체 소속 각 1명), B는 하청산안담당자(25개 업체 각 1명), C는 노조 산안담당자(5개 노조 각 1명)이다). </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 위 <표 4>는 D조선, S중공업, H1중공업, H2중공업, H3중공업의 원청산업담당자, 하청산안담장자, 노조 산안담당자를 대상으로 한 설문조사 결과이다. 먼저 휴식 및 작업시간관리는 원청에서 관리하는 경우는 없었지만, 하청업체가 관리하고 일부 원청관리자가 개입하는 경우(d), 그리고 원청관리자가 관리하고 일부 하청관리자가 관리(c)한다는 응답도 상당하다. 하청노동자의 배치결정과 변경에 대한 지휘․감독은 (c), (d) 경우 이외에도 원청(a)이 담당한다는 응답도 있었다. 마지막으로 하청노동자가 사용하는 재료 및 자재는 거의 원청사용자가 주도적으로 제공한다는 응답이 많다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 원청관리자 또는 현장감독자들은 하청업체 또는 하청노동자들에게 공기준수, 품질향상, 사규엄수, 정리정돈 등 생산관리 분야에서 세세한 작업장 규칙에 이르기까지를 지휘 또는 요구하기도 한다. 이처럼 원청관리층과 하청노동자간의 관계는 실질적인 지휘․감독의 관계를 형성하기도 하고, 앞에서 살펴본 바와 같이 고용문제에 직접적인 영향력을 행사하기도 하기 때문에 인간적 유대 역시 우호적인 것은 아니다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “그 사람들은 엄밀히 따져서 칼자루를 들고 있는 사람들이고 우리들은 그 사람들이 필요로 해서 들어온 경우이니 보이지 않는 선, 선 같은 것, 느낌 같은 것이 항상 존재한다고 봐야죠.”(D조선 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 직영과 하청 노동자들과의 관계는 매우 소원한 편이며, 때에 따라서는 직영노동자들의 ‘귀족주의’를 비판하는 하청노동자들도 있다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “직영노동자와 알기는 하지만 대화가 없다. 직영노동자들은 권위의식을 가지고 있으며, 직영관리자는 자기 마음대로 (하청노동자에게) 지시한다.”(D조선 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “원청과 하청의 관계가 양반과 종의 관계라, 그런 분위기가 없지 않아 많이 있다.”(S중공업 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 또 다른 한편으로는 동일직무, 동일노동을 수행하는 경우라도 현격하게 차이가 나는 노동조건의 차이는 직영과 하청 노동자간의 심리적 거리를 조장하는 기본적 요인이다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “(직영노동자가 하청노동자를) 배척한다기 보다는 직영에 비해서 외주사람들이 열등감을 가지고 있거든요. 왜냐면 연봉에서 차이가 나버리니까, 똑같은 일을 하고서도 자기가 받아가는 임금자체가 차이가 나거든요. 그러다 보니 하루 이틀도 아니고 일 이년도 아니니 자연히 그런 것 가지고 많이 어울릴 수 없고, 그러다 보니까 같은 현장에 있어도 잘 안 어울리죠.”(D조선 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 한편 하청노동자들간 사회적 관계는 하청업체간을 넘어선 인간관계망의 형성을 볼 수 있으며, 물론 친밀한 인간관계의 형성은 기업 내에서도 같은 작업조직의 경우보다 돈독한 관계를 유지한다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “서로 소개(취업자리)도 해주고, 하청노동자들끼리는 사이가 좋죠. 예를 들어서 저쪽에서 일 다하면 회사를 소개해주기도 하고, 서로가 상당히 그렇게 해서 생활을 해나가는 것이죠.”(D조선 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “도장부의 경우는 가장 위험하고 힘든 작업이기 때문에 한 회사 안에서도 조만 유난히 챙겨요. 내가 다쳤을 때 구해줄 사람은 너밖에 없다. 이런 식으로 조원들끼리는 저 사람 집에 숟가락 몇 개다 이런 것도 아는 형편인데 다른 조는 조금 멀어져요.”(H1중공업, H2중공업 전하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 하청노동자들의 노동시간은 평일의 경우 오전 8시 출근, 오후 6시 퇴근으로 일 9시간 노동이 일반적이다. 토요일의 경우 오후 5시까지 근무, 일요일의 경우는 휴무 또는 격주 휴무제가 이루어진다. 법정공휴일 등에 대한 유급휴무에 대한 규정은 고용형태(일당제, 시급제)별로, 기업체별로 상이하다.<A HREF="#FOOTNOTE9"><SUP>9)</SUP></A> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 조선산업 도장부서 노동자에 대한 자료에 의하면, 평균 월노동일수는 D조선의 경우(사례수: 48) 27.19일, H3중공업의 경우(사례수: 124) 29.25일에 육박한다. 따라서 조선산업 하청노동자들의 경우, 월노동일수를 기준으로 할 때, 매우 장시간 노동을 하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 이같은 장시간 노동은 시급․일급 노동자의 경우 임금수준의 유지를 위해―저임금에 의해 구조적으로 강제된 것이지만―표면적으로는 자발적 의사에 의한 측면이 존재하지만, 하청업체의 관리․규제를 고려한다면, 잔업과 특근 역시 하청노동자에게 선택지가 열려있는 것은 아니다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “제가 처음 입사한 게 8월 16일이고, 처음 쉰 날이 10월 3일. 일요일도 없고 교인인데 교회는 상상도 못하고, 분위기 자체가 내 개인적인 볼일을 위해 일요일을 쉬면 다음날 오면 분위기 자체가 매우 험악해진다. 다른 사람들은 일하는데 너는 왜 쉬느냐. 그러니까 일요일도 마음놓고 쉬지도 못한다.”(H1중공업 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 다른 한편, 하청노동자들은 매우 높은 노동강도에 대해서도 불만이 높다. 업체 내 관리자들은 시급산정, ‘사회적 인정’ 등의 방식으로 노동강도를 강화하기도 한다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “(얼마전) 산재사고 난 사람도 들어올 때 3,100원을 받았는데 사고나기 전 4,000원을 받았다. 이 사람 일하는 스타일은 빨리 끝낸다. 막 이런 식으로 치워버리니까, 무리를 줘가면서 작업하는데 관리자들이 그런 사람을 키운다. 그런 식으로 이용해 먹죠. 관리자들이 띄우다 보니까 자기도 붕 떠가지고 …”(S중공업 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 생산성 향상을 위한 노동강도의 강화는 사실상 원청업체와 하청업체와의 계약관계 측면에서 구조화되어 있다고 볼 수 있다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “자기네들(하청관리자)이 원하는 생산성을 바라는 거죠. 하청하고 원청하고의 관계가 엔진탑재하는 데 1,300시간을 줍니다. 그걸 맨아워라고 하는데 900이나 1,000 맨아워 안에 끝내야지만 업주가 200~300을 챙겨서 임금도 주고 자기 것도 챙기는데, 그러다 보니 자기네들이 말하는 생산성 위주로 작업자들을 이끈다.”(S중공업 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 직영노동자들의 경우도 책정된 예산을 맞추면서 작업을 해야 하는 부담을 갖지만, 하청노동자들은 직영에 비해 하청노동자들이 생산성 또는 맨아워 절감에 대한 압박이 더 크다고 말한다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “원청은 자기 물량을 자기가 차고 나가면 자기 물량을 하루에 다 못해도 관리자가 그렇게 심하게 터치하지를 못하는데 하청같은 경우에는 자기물량을 다 못채우면 사람들 보는 앞에서 … 인격적으로 모욕을 하고 일도 못하는 게 개기고, 돈 많이 달라고 요구만 해싸코 … 더러운 소리 안 들으려고 열심히 해보자, 해보자 그러죠.”(H1중공업 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “저희가 원청 지원가서 일하는 경우도 있거든요. 원청에서 하는 일은 원리원칙을 다 지켜가면서 일하고 서두르고 그런게 없고 안전을 지키면서 하도록 시키고, 하청사업장은 그런게 다 무시되고 무조건 요시간 안에 끝내야 하니까, 그래야 이익창출도 가능하고 …”(S중공업 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 다른 한편 하청업체 자체의 인원조정은 상용고 외에 일용고를 채용하거나. 상용고의 경우에도 물량이 부족할 경우 잔업을 통제하거나, 무급휴가를 실시하는 것 등의 방식으로 이루어진다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS32> 3. 사내하청의 임금체계와 복지후생 </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 하청노동자의 임금수준은 시급, 일급으로 단순 비교하면 직영보다 많은 경우도 있지만, 상여금, 각종의 수당, 기타 복지후생제도(자녀학자금지원 등) 고려하다면 직영노동자의 60~70% 수준인 것으로 알려져 있다. 따라서 하청업체 노동자들의 임금수준은 전체적인 보상수준으로 볼 때, 직영에 비하여 매우 낮은 수준이다. 그것도 숙련도가 떨어지고 근속년수가 짧은 경우, 상대적 저임금 실태는 보다 심각하다. 하청노동자들은 “1년 미만은 연봉 1,400(만원) 받고, 월급 받아서 카드 메꾸면 적자”(S중공업 하청노동자)라고 말한다. 임금형태를 살펴보면, 하청업체의 반장 또는 조장의 경우 월급제이지만, 일반 노동자들의 경우 시급제 또는 일급제이다.<A HREF="#FOOTNOTE10"><SUP>10)</SUP></A> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 하청업체마다 차이가 있지만, D조선 하청업체의 경우, 상용고는 법정공휴일의 경우 8시간의 노동시간을 인정해주지만, 일급제는 인정되지 않는다. 일급제는 “일을 안하면 돈이 없다. 그때 쉬든지 일하든지 일 한 만큼, 일급제는 일요일날 일하면 특근 이런게 아니고, 그냥 하루 하루 일하는 개념”(D조선 하청업체 총무)이다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 과거 하청노동의 경우 시급제가 대부분이었지만, 최근 일당제가 확산되는 추세에 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이같은 변화는 경제적 유인을 통한 노동강도의 강화와 연관된다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “일단 작업자들은 시급제를 원하거든요. 이 일당제 바람이 어디서 불기 시작했냐면, 거제도에서 시작했는데 일당제를 써보니까 시급제들은 시간만 가면은 돈이다. 그러니까 시간 때우기 그런 식으로 일을 했어요 … 물량이 빨리 안 준다고. 일당제 데려다 쓰다 보니까, 시급제가 왠종일 일해서 만원이다 그러면 일당제는 하루 4만원 정도 주거든요. 그러니까 이 사람들은 목숨 걸고 일해요. 너는 일을 젤 잘한다 하면 넌 얼마. 이렇게 차등해서 지급하는데 당신이 이 사람 따라가면 거기에 맞게 일당 주겠다. 그렇게 되면 밑에 있는 사람은 그 사람과 같이 돈을 받기 위해 죽기살기로 하다보니까 일당이 계속 올라가고 그러다 보니까, 사람들이 일당제를 선호하게 되는 거고. 어차피 내가 이 회사에 있어봐야 1년 채우고 갈꺼요. 달달이 200만원씩 받자. 그런 형태로 추세가 돌아가고 있죠.”(H1, H2중공업 전하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 임금체계의 측면에서 본다면, 하청노동자들의 임금은 연공적 성격은 없고, 직무급 또는 직능급적 성격을 갖는다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “우리같이 한 20년 했고 나이도 실제 40대 넘는 사람도 있고 이렇거든요 … 예를 들어 용접같은 경우는 20년 한 사람이나 지금 5년 한 사람이나, 우리가 어떤 프로젝트를 놓고 이 사람도 할 수 있고 20년 한 사람도 똑같이 할 수 있고 이러면 임금도 똑같아지거든요 … 그 사람이 나이가 적다고 적게 주는게 아니에요. 똑같이 일하니까 임금도 똑같이 주거든요.”(D조선 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 임금인상은 하청업체 관리자와 노동자간의 협의를 통해 이루어진다. 관리자층이 임금을 인상해주는 이외에, 개별적인 임금인상 요구는 반장 또는 소장(업체대표)과의 면담을 통해 이루어진다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “먼저 반장한테 중간관리자한테 임금에 대한 사항에 대해서 불만을 이야기하고, 반장이 소장한테 이야기를 한다든지, 아니면 직접 (소장을) 면담해가지고 타당성을 얘기하고 시정해 줄 것은 시정하고, 그렇다고 면담을 했다고 해서 임금을 깎이는 경우는 없습니다. 그러니까 한번 정도 면담을 하는 게 더 이득이 되죠.”(D조선 하청업체 대리) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 작업현장에서 하청노동자들의 불만은 의외로 “인간적인 문제” 또는 “사소한 문제”인 경우도 많다. 이를테면 회사 출입증의 모양 차이, 직영노동자와의 식대의 차이(D조선의 경우 직영은 5백원, 하청은 2천원, H중공업 직영 8백원, 하청 2천8백원 등), 기업 및 노조의 기념품 지급 문제 등에서 하청노동자들은 인간적 차별을 경험하는 것이다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “추석, 명절 때 S중공업 같은 곳에서는 협력사하고 원청사하고 선물 같은 게 똑 같습니다. 그러나 이 D조선은 차등합니다. 그런데서 불만이 좀 많지요 … 직영은 4백원 내고, 하청은 2천원 내고, 계란 후라이라도 더 주면 제가 이런 얘기 안하죠. 먹는 것부터 치사하면 살 맛 안나죠.”(D조선 하청업체 대리) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS32> 4. 사내하청과 산업안전 </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 산업재해 및 직업병과 관련해서도 하청노동자들은 매우 불리한 위치에 처해 있다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “하청노동자들이 산재비율이 더 높다. 당연한 일이다. (하청업체의 산업안전를 관리하는) 산업안전관리협회는 매우 형식적이다. 직영은 직업병 판정을 받도록 조합에서 요구하지만, 하청은 그렇지 못하다. 산안의식이 낮다. 난청같은 경우는 이직률이 높기 때문에 책임지지 않는다.”(H3조선 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 직영노동자들도 마찬가지지만, 산업재해가 발생한 경우도 산업재해보다는 ‘공상’으로 처리하는 경우가 많다. 이는 원청과 하청업체와의 관계, 하청업체와 하청노동자간의 관계에서 하청업체 및 노동자가 처한 매우 열악한 처지에 기인하는 바가 크다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “산재처리를 하면 차후에 회복이 되었을 때, 산재경력을 이유로 불이익이 따른다 … 산재경력이 있으면, 취업자체가 어렵고, 그런 분위가 있다 보니까 왠만하면 산재처리 안하고 손가락 뼈 한두 개면 산재처리 안하고 공상처리를 하죠. 회사측에서도 니가 계속 일하려면 공상처리를 해라라고 말한다. 회사 자체 내에서 원청은 모르게 공상처리를 해버리죠. 그게 원청에 알려지면 회사 자체가 업주에게 불이익을 당하기 때문에 모르게끔 자체적으로 처리하죠.”(S중공업 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “(산업재해가 발생하면) 직영에서 (인정을) 안해줄 뿐만 아니라 하청에서 올리지도 않아요. 올리게 되면은 업체 점수가 깎이기 때문에 … 하청에서 올리기가 무서운거죠. 어떻게 해서든 합의를 봐서 공상처리를 하고 해서 임금 다 주고 병원비 주고, 후유증 있으면 대 주겠다. 강력하게 대응해야 이런 조건이 나오고 그렇지 않으면 임금은 주겠다. 이런 식으로 공상처리를 많이 하죠 … 블랙리스트라는 게 있어요. 노동운동 했다든지 산재신청해서 처리받은 사람들, 이런 사람들은 산재처리 끝난 뒤로 바로 해고에요. 그리고 그 업체에 못들어와요. H1중공업이면 H1중공업이나 H2중공업(동일그룹 계열사) 밑에 있는 어떤 업체도 못들어가요.”(H1중공업, H2중공업 전하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “본인이 산재로 하려고 하면 회사에서도 그러지 말고 공상으로 하자, 이런 식으로 이야기를 하죠 … 원청에서는 (산업재해 발생사실을) 알지도 못하죠. 보고도 안하니까 … 하여간 (하청업체가) 불이익을 받는 것으로 알고 있어요. 사고나면 규정에 어음이 30% 나간다 해서 불이익을 주니까 작업자들 한테는 규제가 더 심하죠.”(D조선 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </P> <P CLASS=HS24> <표 5> 건강검진 및 작업환경측정 실시여부 </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <A NAME="#2037360938"></A> <TABLE border="1" width="412px" height="128px"cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style='border-collapse:collapse;border:none;'> <TR> <TD colspan="2" height="14px" width="412px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:11px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 특수건강검진 실시 여부(단위:%)</TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="50px" width="240px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:9px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:12px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 원청업체 실시<P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:9px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:12px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 협력업체 실시 <P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:9px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:12px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 미실시<P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:9px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:12px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 모름</TD> <TD height="50px" width="172px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:9px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:12px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 43.7<P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:9px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:12px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 27.4<P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:9px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:12px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 22.2<P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:9px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:12px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 4.44</TD> </TR> <TR> <TD colspan="2" height="14px" width="412px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"#신세고딕";font-size:11px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:11px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 작업환경측정 실시 여부(단위:%)</TD> </TR> <TR> <TD height="50px" width="240px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:9px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:12px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 원청업체 주관 측정<P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:9px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:12px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 협력업체 주관 측정<P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:9px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:12px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 미실시<P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:9px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:12px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 모름</TD> <TD height="50px" width="172px" valign="middle" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:9px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:12px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 49.03<P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:9px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:12px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 17.04<P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:9px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:12px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 5.19<P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼명조";font-size:9px;color:"#000000";text-align:center;line-height:12px;text-indent:3px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 23.7</TD> </TR> </TABLE> </P> <P CLASS=HS28> 자료: 서울대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실(2000), 윗 글. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 위 <표 5>는 D조선의 도장부서에서 근무하는 하청노동자를 대상으로 한 설문조사 결과이다. <표 5>에서 볼 수 있는 바와 같이 특수건강검진은 원청업체가 실시하는 경우가 43.7%로 가장 많았고, 하청노동자 중 22.2%는 검진의 경험조차 없었다. 작업환경측정의 경우도 원청업체가 주관하여 실시하는 경우가 많고, 실시한 적이 없다는 응답도 5.19%였다. 그밖에도 하청노동자들을 대상으로 한 산업안전보건체계는 매우 형식적이라는 것이 현장노동자들의 인식이다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “산업안전관리공단에서 작업환경조사를 하는데 현장작업자들은 하나마나라고 생각을 하죠. 그것은 형식적이라고 생각을 하죠 … (직영 노동조합에) 산업안전관리부라고 있는 것은 아는데, 외주하고는 거의(무관한 일이다), 아예 교육이라고 한 것도 없고. 외주노동자들한테 법률적인 교육, 법의 보호를 받을 수 있는 교육, 이런 교육들을 해주어야 하는데, 그런 것은 전혀 없죠. 안전교육은 거의 형식이죠.”(D조선 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 작업현장에서 가시적으로 확인할 수 있는 사고성 재해의 경우는―공상으로 처리된다고 할지라도―부분적인 보상이라도 가능하지만, 직업병의 경우 문제는 더욱 심각하다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “개인 질병이라던지, 그런게 아니고서는 아직까지 밝혀져서 구제된 것을 보지 못했으니까. 그것이 개인적인 질병인지 산재에 해당하는 병인지 그것을 구분하는 방법이 없으니까, 현재까지는 아프면 개인질병인지 알고, 어디 다치고 부러지고 피나면 산재인줄 알고 그런거죠.”(D조선 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 다른 한편, 산업재해 예방을 위한 안전장치 및 보호구의 사용도 맨아워의 절감 또는 하청노동자들에 대한 관리 소홀로 이루어지지 않는 경우도 많다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “제가 최초로 안전벨트를 차고 작업하러 갔죠. 그때는 안전장치를 한다는 것 자체가 굉장한 용기가 필요했습니다. 그런게 분위기 자체가 관리자가 그런 분위기를 만들었는지 모르겠는데 안전벨트를 차고 작업하는 건 겁쟁이다. 그런 분위기를 조성해 놨지 때문에 안전벨트를 찰 생각을 못했다. 실질적으로 시급이라든지 불이익이 돌아오기 때문에 …”(S중공업 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS32> 5. 사내하청노동자의 이익대변 </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 현재 상황에서 하청노동자들의 이익대변기구는 거의 존재하지 않는다고 보아야 한다. 이를테면 하청노동자들의 경우 ‘이직’(exit)만이 가능할 뿐, ‘요구’(voice)는 가능한 선택이 아닌 것이다. 하청노동자들의 경우, 이같은 현실의 원인과 대안을 노동조합의 존재유무에서 찾는다.<A HREF="#FOOTNOTE11"><SUP>11)</SUP></A> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “산재사고가 나가지고 사망사고가 났잖아요, 보상 자체가 다릅니다. 취업방해를 받아도 외주에서는 쳐다만 보고 당하고 있을 수밖에 없거든요. 그런데 원청같은 곳에서는 노동조합이 있으니까, 만약에 저렇게 되면 난리가 나는 거죠. 그러니까 보호를 받는데 하청노동자 같은 경우에는 전혀 그런 것이 없으니까 … 하청노동자가 (무엇인가 요구를 해도) 직영 노동조합 같은 데서는 남의 일처럼 보고 있거든요. 그런게 차이가 엄청나죠. 노동조합이 막말로 있는 거하고 없는 것하고 엄청난 차이가 나죠.”(D조선 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 현재의 조건에서 하청노동자들의 이익을 대변해줄 거의 유일한 기구는 직영의 노동조합이라고 판단되지만, 원청기업 노동조합에 대한 사내하청노동자들의 인식은 매우 부정적이다. 이를테면 “(노동조합은) 직영만을 위한 것”이며, “직영자신의 밥그릇을 차기 위한 노조”로 인식하는 경우도 있다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “한마디로 (직영 노동조합에 대해) 불만이죠. 하청노동자들에 대해서는 D조선에서도 보기를 그냥 남의 사람처럼 보니까, 전혀 융합이 안되는 거지. 백 마디를 해도 단 한마디도 외주노동자들에 대해서는 없으니까. 파업이라든지 이럴 때도 (직영 노동조합에서는) 외주노동자들이 참여해주기를 바란다고요. 그럼 주는 것은 하나도 안주면서, 이런 식이거든요. 외주노동자들 먹고 살려고 밤에 나가 일하다 맞을 뻔하고 그랬거든요. 줄 때는 전혀 남같이 하고 이러니까 어울릴 수가 없죠.”(D조선 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 하청노동자들은 직영으로 전환을 원하고 있지만, 극도의 고용불안정 상태에 있는 하청노동문제를 해결하려고 하는 집단적 의지와 행동에는 많은 한계가 있다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “98%의 사람들이 직영이 되기를 원하는 사람인데 … 하청노동자들이 하청직영화, 하청노조 건설 이런 걸 다 인식하면서도 내 목이 짤릴까봐, 내 생계가 위험할까봐 주면 주는 대로 이런 식으로 살란다. 밥상을 차려주지 않으면 이런 식으로 살란다 이런 식이죠.”(D조선 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 그렇지만 하청노동자를 조직하는 문제는 여러 가지 난관이 존재한다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “가장 큰 장애는 노동자들이 주저한다는 점이다. 하청에서 해고되면 자신밖에 없다. 지원이 별로 없는 것이다. 업체가 계약해지하면 그대로 실직이다. 다른 업체에 들어가지도 못한다. 지역을 떠나야 한다.”(H3노조 하청노동자) </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 다른 한편 노동자내부의 문제, 특히 직영노동자와 하청노동자간의 이해관계의 대립과 갈등이 직영 및 하청노동자의 공동조직화에 큰 장애로 작용할 가능성이 높다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> <BR> </P> <P CLASS=HS21> “노동자간의 갈등이죠. 내부 갈등. 이게 가장 심각하다고 보거든요. 하청은 원청을 부러워하고 원청은 하청을 무시하고 깔보고. 이런 벽이 무너지지 않고서는 한 울타리에서 한 목소리를 내는 길이 없죠. 원청(기업 및 경영층)의 탄압이라는 것보다 노동자간의 갈등이 더 큰 장애물이다.”(H1중공업, H2중공업 전하청노동자) </P> <P CLASS=HS31> IV. 결론 </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 지금까지 일반적인 조선산업 현황, 그리고 조선산업 대기업의 사내하청노동의 실태를 살펴보았다. 사내하청 노동자들은 조선산업 대기업에서 개별자본의 수량적 유연화 전략에 의해 호불황기 또는 일시적인 물량변동에 따라 인력공급을 조절을 위한 주변노동자층을 형성하고 있으며, 그들의 고용․노동 조건 역시 중심(직영)노동자층에 비교하여 매우 열악한 것임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 하청노동자들의 불만과 요구를 반영할 수 있는 이익대변기구 역시 존재하지 않으며, 산별노조의 건설과 강화를 서두르고 있는 현시점에서도 그들의 함께 하는 조직화 방안 또는 차별철폐 노력은 매우 뒤쳐져 있는 상황이다. 오히려 최근 몇몇 노조들은 하청노동자를 ‘완충지대’로 두어 직영노동자의 고용을 보장받으려는 그릇된 유혹에 취약한 모습을 보이거나, 이중(원청․하청)의 사용자를 대상으로 힘든 싸움을 전개하고 있는 비정규 노동자들을 방관하는 모습을 보이기도 하였다. </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 이 같은 상황은 지난 10여년간의 기업별 노조체계의 관성을 반영하는 것인지도 모른다. 지금까지의 노동조합운동이 주변노동자층을 배제하면서 대기업 중심, 중심(정규)노동자 중심의 노동운동을 전개해 왔다는 사실에 대한 반성이 요구되는 지점이다. 신자유주의적 구조조정의 물결 속에서, 보다 공세적 입장을 취하고 있는 개별자본의 노사관계 및 작업장 관리전략을 생각한다면 문제는 보다 심각하다. 향후 다각적인 구조조정 및 경영합리화에 직면하여 중심노동자층과 주변노동자층이 경쟁하며 대립하는 상황이 전개되고, 결국 양자 모두 희생자의 위치에서 벗어날 수 없는 위기의 시기를 경험하게 될 가능성이 높기 때문이다. 한 걸음 앞선 노동의 대응이 필요한 시점이다. <A NAME="#2037360939"></A> <TABLE border="1" width="44px" height="23px"cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style='border-collapse:collapse;border:none;'> <TR> <TD height="14px" width="44px" valign="middle" bgcolor="#000000" style='border-left-width:0.12mm; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:solid;border-right-width:0.12mm; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:solid;border-top-width:0.12mm; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-width:0.12mm; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-style:solid;'><P STYLE='font-family:"휴먼굵은팸체";font-size:11px;color:"#ffffff";text-align:justify;line-height:13px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 한/노/정/연</TD> </TR> </TABLE> </P> <P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:13px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:21px;text-indent:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> </P> <!-- Document End --> <HR WIDTH="300px" ALIGN="left"><A NAME="#FOOTNOTE1"><P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:12px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:16px;text-indent:-8px;margin-left:8px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 1) 이 글이 기초한 면접조사는 한국노동이론정책연구소 내 ‘조선산업 사내하청 연구모임’ 참가자인 이은숙, 황현일, 박정미, 전김명훈, 문종면의 공동작업에 의해 이루어졌다.</P> </A><BR><A NAME="#FOOTNOTE2"><P CLASS=HS11> 2) 삼성경제연구소(1999), “한국 조선산업의 현황과 성장잠재력”, 삼성경제연구소.</P> </A><BR><A NAME="#FOOTNOTE3"><P CLASS=HS11> 3) 김진현 외(1998), ꡔ해양21세기ꡕ, 나남.</P> </A><BR><A NAME="#FOOTNOTE4"><P CLASS=HS11> 4) 한국해양수산개발원 편집부(1999), ꡔKMI세계해운전망 2000ꡕ, 한국해양수산개발원.</P> </A><BR><A NAME="#FOOTNOTE5"><P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:12px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:16px;text-indent:-8px;margin-left:8px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 5) 김재영(1998), “금속산업 사내하청 노동자의 산업안전보건실태와 정책대안”, ꡔ사내하청 노동자들의 산업안전보건 문제 및 대책마련 토론회 자료집ꡕ, 전국금속산업노동조합연맹.</P> </A><BR><A NAME="#FOOTNOTE6"><P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:12px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:16px;text-indent:-8px;margin-left:8px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 6) 반면 하청업체(사용자)측의 입장에서 이같이 인간관계 망을 통해 동료/선후배 등이 집단적으로 입사하는 방식이 부담이 되기도 한다. 업체에 불만이거나 여타의 사정 등으로 노동자들이 집단적으로 퇴사할 가능성도 높기 때문이다.</P> </A><BR><A NAME="#FOOTNOTE7"><P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:12px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:16px;text-indent:-8px;margin-left:8px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 7) “사장단 협의회가 있는데 거기서 담합을 해서 최고/최저 시급을 결정해 버립니다. 그래서 만약 양심 있는 사장이 있다 하더라도 많이 줄 수가 없어요. 만약 그러면 다른 사장한테서 항의가 들어와요.”(S중공업 하청노동자)</P> </A><BR><A NAME="#FOOTNOTE8"><P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:12px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:16px;text-indent:-8px;margin-left:8px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 8) 설문조사 대상에는 관리직, 사무직, 생산직 전체가 포함되어 있다. 또한 이 조사결과는 조선산업 대기업 중 한 업체에 한정된 것이며, 조선산업에 종사하는 전체 하청노동자들의 근속년수를 대표할 수 있는 것은 아니다.</P> </A><BR><A NAME="#FOOTNOTE9"><P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:12px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:16px;text-indent:-8px;margin-left:8px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 9) “일당제는 상여급이 없고요 … 퇴직금은 시급제에만 적용이 되고 일당제에는 적용이 안되죠 … 시급제 같은 경우에는 법정 공휴일, 일요일 이럴 때는 유급처리 되고 연월차 쓰면서 쉬면 되는데 일당은 나오면 일하고 안나오면 결근이고. 법정 공휴일도 없고. 시급제는 출근하면 특근 수당을 달아주는데 일당은 그런 개념이 없죠 … 잔업시 임금은 보통 150%, 시급제의 경우는 그렇게 주는데 일당제는 그러한 개념이 없죠. 일일 9시간 근무 얼마. 그렇게 해서 시간이 초과했을 때, 한 시간당 만원. 일당이 얼마든 잔업시간에 들어가면 시간당 만원. 그건 조선소마다 공통적으로 매겨져 있죠.”(전 H1중공업, H2중공업 하청노동자)</P> </A><BR><A NAME="#FOOTNOTE10"><P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:12px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:16px;text-indent:-11px;margin-left:11px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 10) 일부 하청업체에서는 ‘직시급’이란 독특한 임금체계를 사용하기도 한다. 최근 취업방해 등 근로기준법 위반으로 문제가 되고 있는 D조선의 S하청업체가 그 한 사례이다. 직시급을 명시한 S하청업체의 근로계약서에는 “1일 기본 근로시간을 정하지 않고 실제 근로한 시간으로 급여를 지급한다. 직시급 8,300원 중 10%는 주, 년, 월차 및 수당, 퇴직금에 해당하는 금액이다”라고 적혀있다. 이같은 임금체계에 대해 해당 지역 지방노동사무소는 근로기준법 위반을 인정한 바 있다. 그러나 S하청업체측은 “직시급제는 그간 관례”라고 주장하고 있으며, 실제 D조선의 경우 직시급을 받는 하청노동자는 약 2000~2500여명에 이르고 있다. 대우조선 사내하청 임금체불․취업방해 및 집단폭행 진상조사단(2000), “대우조선 사내하청 임금체불․취업방해 및 집단폭행 진상조사보고서”를 참조.</P> </A><BR><A NAME="#FOOTNOTE11"><P STYLE='font-family:"바탕";font-size:12px;color:"#000000";text-align:justify;line-height:16px;text-indent:-11px;margin-left:11px;margin-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;'> 11) 노동조합 가입이 현실적으로 불가능하다고 볼 때 ‘노사협의회’를 통한 이익대변도 하나의 대안이 될 수 있겠지만, 이 또한 어려워 보인다. 참고로 현대자동차 울산공장 하청노동자를 대상으로 한 설문조사에 의하면 노사협의회가 있다는 응답이 5.3%, 노사협의회가 없다는 응답이 68.1%, 그리고 모른다고 응답한 비율이 26.5%였다. 민주노총 금속산업연맹 울산본부(2000.7.24), “사내하청, 파견노동자, 비정규직 노동자 차별철폐와 조직화를 위한 기자회견문” 중 “<참고자료1>현대자동차 사내하청 노동자의 실태 및 의식조사 결과”를 참조.</P> </A><BR>
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(구)한국노동이론정책연구소 (100-272) 서울시 중구 필동2가 128-11 상전빌딩 301호 Tel.(02)2277-7957(팩스겸용)